Multiple juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dermatology
• Histiocytic Disorders

Background:

• Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is the most common non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children.
• JXG typically presents as solitary, yellowish papules on the head, neck, trunk, and extremities.

Observation:

• A 2-month-old infant presented with 22 cutaneous papules consistent with JXG.
• The lesions were clinically and histologically confirmed as juvenile xanthogranulomas.

Findings:

• Despite multiple cutaneous lesions, screening revealed no evidence of extracutaneous or systemic involvement.
• This case represents a rare presentation of multiple JXG without systemic disease.

Implications:

• Identifying high-risk factors for systemic disease in multiple JXG is crucial for appropriate patient management.
• Further research into risk stratification for systemic involvement in pediatric JXG is warranted.