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Associations between genetic mutations in different SARS-CoV-2 strains and negative conversion time of viral RNA

Yi Wang1, Hua Yu2, Tao Zhang1

  • 1Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310023, China.

Virus Research
|May 19, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Genetic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 strains, particularly five in Omicron, significantly shortened viral RNA negative conversion time (NCT) in imported cases. This finding aids targeted epidemic prevention strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) research has focused on factors influencing viral RNA negative conversion.
  • Understanding genetic variations across SARS-CoV-2 strains is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of genetic mutations in different SARS-CoV-2 strains (Wild-Type, Delta, Omicron) on negative conversion time (NCT).
  • To provide insights for developing targeted epidemic prevention guidelines for imported SARS-CoV-2 cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 146 imported SARS-CoV-2 cases in Hangzhou, China (April 2021-June 2022).
  • Comparison of viral RNA indicators, clinical indexes, and NCT across Wild-Type, Delta, and Omicron variants.
  • Spearman correlation analysis to assess NCT correlations with mutation types and frequencies.

Main Results:

  • Negative conversion time (NCT) was significantly prolonged in Wild-Type and Delta groups compared to the Omicron group.
  • Specific mutations within Omicron strains (ORF1b:P1223L/R1315C/T2163I, ORF3a:T223I, ORF6:D61L) were markedly negatively correlated with NCT.
  • Significant correlations were observed between NCT and mutation types/frequencies in Wild-Type and Omicron strains.

Conclusions:

  • Five specific mutations in Omicron strains were found to shorten NCT in imported SARS-CoV-2 cases.
  • These findings highlight the influence of viral genetics on disease clearance.
  • Results can inform targeted epidemic prevention and control strategies for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Keywords:
Genetic mutationImported casesNegative conversionSARS-CoV-2 strain

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