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Effects of Blended Diesel-Biodiesel Fuel on Emissions of a Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel Engine with Different
Aphinan Sethin1, Ye Min Oo1, Jarernporn Thawornprasert1
1Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
ACS Omega
|May 20, 2024
Summary
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) reduces nitrogen oxide emissions in common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engines but increases carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions. Biodiesel blends up to B80 are recommended for optimal performance and reduced fuel consumption.
Area of Science:
- Combustion Engineering
- Environmental Science
- Automotive Engineering
Background:
- Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engines are widely used, necessitating research into emission reduction strategies.
- Biodiesel fuels offer a renewable alternative to conventional diesel, but their impact on engine performance and emissions requires detailed investigation.
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is a known technology for reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) but can affect other emissions and fuel efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of varying biodiesel blends (B10-B100) and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) rates on CRDI diesel engine emissions and fuel consumption.
- To analyze the impact of EGR on specific pollutants including carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, as well as smoke opacity and exhaust gas temperature (EGT).
- To determine optimal operating conditions for reduced emissions and improved fuel efficiency in CRDI engines using biodiesel.
Main Methods:
- Experiments were conducted on a CRDI diesel engine using diesel (B10) and biodiesel blends (B20-B100).
- Engine speeds were varied from 1400 to 3000 rpm.
- Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) rates of 0% and 12.5% were applied and analyzed for their effects on emissions, smoke opacity, EGT, and fuel consumption.
Main Results:
- Lower CO, HC emissions, and smoke opacity were observed at 0% EGR compared to 12.5% EGR across all fuel types.
- At 12.5% EGR, NOx emissions significantly decreased due to the introduction of exhaust gases into the combustion chamber, with reductions up to 2.54% at 3000 rpm.
- While NOx decreased with EGR, CO, HC emissions, and smoke opacity increased. Biodiesel (B100) showed a 2.81% fuel consumption reduction at 3000 rpm with 12.5% EGR compared to 0% EGR.
Conclusions:
- EGR effectively reduces NOx emissions in CRDI engines but leads to increased CO, HC, and smoke opacity.
- Biodiesel blends, particularly B100, can offer fuel consumption benefits with EGR, but high concentrations (above B80) may negatively impact fuel injection systems due to viscosity and density.
- Findings suggest that optimizing EGR rates and biodiesel blend levels (up to B80) can be a viable strategy for balancing emission reduction and fuel efficiency in CRDI diesel engines.
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