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Updated: May 1, 2026

Methods for Facilitating Microbial Growth on Pulp Mill Waste Streams and Characterization of the Biodegradation Potential of Cultured Microbes
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Fungal behavior and recent developments in biopulping technology.

Ehsan Bari1, Mohammad Ghorbanian Far2, Geoffrey Daniel3

  • 1Department of Wood Sciences and Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran. bari_lenzites@yahoo.com.

World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
|May 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Biopulping uses fungi to pretreat wood chips, reducing energy and improving pulp quality. This eco-friendly technology aligns with circular economy principles and is advancing towards industrial application.

Keywords:
Bio-chemical pulpingBio-mechanical pulpingBiopulpingFungal pretreatmentOrganosolv pulpingWhite-rot fungi

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Forestry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Biological pretreatment of wood chips using white-rot fungi is a recognized method before pulping.
  • This biopulping process selectively degrades lignin, leaving cellulose for further processing.
  • It offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional pulping, reducing energy consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in biopulping technology.
  • To discuss the mechanisms underlying fungal pretreatment in various pulping processes.
  • To highlight the integration of biopulping with circular economy strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on fungal pretreatment and biopulping.
  • Analysis of pilot-scale trials and industrial implementation of biopulping.
  • Discussion of biochemical mechanisms involved in lignin degradation by fungi.

Main Results:

  • Biopulping reduces energy demands and pitch content in wood chips.
  • Fungal pretreatment enhances pulp brightness, strength, and bleachability.
  • Biopulps are easier to refine than those from conventional methods.
  • Pilot trials demonstrate the scalability and economic feasibility of biopulping.

Conclusions:

  • Biopulping technology has matured significantly, with successful pilot trials indicating industrial viability.
  • The use of fungi in pulping aligns with sustainable circular economy models.
  • Further research into biochemical mechanisms can optimize biopulping processes for mechanical, chemical, and organosolv pulping.