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Related Concept Videos

Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Cognitive control in infancy: Attentional predictors using a tablet-based measure.

Emma Macrae1, Bosiljka Milosavljevic1,2, Laura Katus3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
|May 20, 2024
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Early cognitive control in infants develops uniquely. Infant attentional disengagement at 8 and 18 months predicts later cognitive control, highlighting attention

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Infant Development

Background:

  • Cognitive control is crucial for higher-order executive functions and predicts later-life outcomes.
  • Understanding early cognitive control development is essential for identifying developmental trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a tablet-based assessment for measuring infant cognitive control at 18 and 24 months.
  • To examine associations between attentional disengagement, general cognitive skills, and cognitive control in early development.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty infants (30 female) completed a tablet-based cognitive control task at 18 and 24 months.
  • Attentional disengagement was measured using eye-tracking from 5 to 24 months.
  • General cognitive skills were assessed using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) from 5 to 24 months.

Main Results:

  • The cognitive control task showed good internal consistency and sensitivity to age-related changes.
  • No significant concurrent or longitudinal associations were found between cognitive control and MSEL scores.
  • Slower attentional disengagement at 8 months and faster disengagement at 18 months predicted higher cognitive control at 24 months.

Conclusions:

  • The tablet-based task is a promising tool for assessing emergent cognitive control in infants.
  • Infant cognitive control development is influenced by distinct attentional skills emerging at different developmental stages.
  • The relationship between attention and cognitive control is multifaceted, with age-specific attentional mechanisms playing a role.