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Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

Linking Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling to Device-Induced Platelet Defects in Mechanically Assisted

Jiafeng Zhang¹, Dong Han¹, Zengsheng Chen¹

¹From the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)

|May 20, 2024

Summary

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling linked blood pump flow to platelet defects. A shear stress threshold of 75 Pa effectively predicted device-induced platelet dysfunction in mechanical circulatory support.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Hematology
Fluid Dynamics

Background:

Mechanically assisted circulation devices can cause thrombotic and bleeding events.
These complications are often linked to platelet dysfunction induced by the devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To correlate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of blood pumps with device-induced platelet defects.
To establish a predictive model for platelet damage in mechanical circulatory support systems.

Main Methods:

Circulating fresh human blood through four different blood pumps under various conditions.
Analyzing blood samples for platelet activation (GP IIb/IIIa) and receptor shedding (GPIbα, GPVI).
Performing CFD modeling to characterize blood flow and deriving numerical indices of platelet defects using power-law models.

Main Results:

A shear stress threshold of 75 Pa was identified as a key factor, with lower stress having limited contribution to platelet damage.
CFD-derived platelet defect indices, excluding shear stress <75 Pa, showed excellent correlation with experimental measurements.
The power-law model demonstrated effectiveness for quantitative comparisons, despite not perfectly reproducing experimental data.

Conclusions:

CFD modeling, particularly using power-law models with a shear stress threshold, can effectively predict device-induced platelet defects.
This approach offers a valuable tool for the quantitative assessment and comparison of blood pumps regarding hemocompatibility.
Understanding shear stress thresholds is crucial for designing safer mechanical circulatory support devices.