Microalgae: A promising strategy for aflatoxin control in poultry feeds

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Toxicology
• Food Science

Background:

• Aflatoxins, particularly Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are toxic mold byproducts contaminating feed, significantly impacting poultry health and productivity.
• AFB1 disrupts nutrient metabolism, causes apoptosis and inflammation, and impairs immune function and blood biochemistry in poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the potential of microalgae as a natural antioxidant strategy to mitigate AFB1 toxicity in poultry diets.
• To investigate specific microalgae species and their bioactive compounds for combating AFB1 contamination.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on microalgae (Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, Enteromorpha prolifera) and their effects on poultry exposed to AFB1.
• Analysis of microalgae's bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, peptides, vitamins, pigments) and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and detoxifying properties.

Main Results:

• Microalgae exhibit significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for poultry.
• Microalgae can bind to AFB1 in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing its absorption and mitigating its toxic effects.
• Supplementation with microalgae improved growth, feed efficiency, and immune resilience in poultry exposed to AFB1.

Conclusions:

• Microalgae show promising potential in reducing the adverse effects of AFB1 contamination in poultry feeds.
• Their ability to bind toxins, enhance the immune system, and improve feed quality makes them a valuable natural additive for poultry nutrition.