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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

227
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
227

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in the Rat Hippocampus After Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nucleus
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Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in the Rat Hippocampus After Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Thalamic Nucleus

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Brain stimulation therapeutics.

Xingbao Li1, Mark S George1,2, Abraham Zangen3

  • 1Brain Stimulation Division, Psychiatry Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.

Addiction Neuroscience
|May 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) shows promise for smoking cessation, with multiple sessions increasing quit rates and reducing cravings. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown less consistent results in aiding smokers to quit.

Keywords:
Smoking cessationTranscranial direct current stimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Simultaneous Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Smoking remains a leading cause of preventable death worldwide.
  • Nicotine dependence presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Novel therapeutic interventions are needed to improve smoking cessation rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for smoking cessation.
  • To compare the effects of rTMS and tDCS on craving, cigarette consumption, and quitting rates.
  • To evaluate the existing research landscape and identify areas for future investigation.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 14 human studies investigating rTMS for smoking cessation.
  • Analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining tDCS for smoking cessation.
  • Assessment of study outcomes including cue craving, cigarette consumption, and quit rates.

Main Results:

  • Most rTMS studies (12/14) reported reduced cue-induced craving.
  • rTMS showed positive effects on decreasing cigarette consumption (5 studies) and increasing quit rates (3/4 studies with multiple sessions).
  • tDCS results were inconsistent, with only 2/6 RCTs reporting reduced craving and 1/6 reporting reduced consumption; no tDCS studies reported changes in quitting rates.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple sessions of rTMS are effective in aiding smoking cessation and have received FDA approval.
  • Current evidence suggests tDCS has limited efficacy for smoking cessation, despite initial promising results.
  • Further research is required to explore the potential of tDCS with varied treatment parameters for smoking cessation.