Disparity in Medicare Reimbursement Between Female and Male Vitreoretinal Surgeons

Purpose: To quantify the Medicare reimbursement disparity between female and male vitreoretinal surgeons. Methods: Reimbursement reports were obtained from the US Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services from 2013 through 2020, which detail all Medicare Part B services. A vitreoretinal surgeon was defined as any provider with at least 10 charges of a Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System code related to vitrectomy or retinal detachment repair. Providers were grouped by sex, and the average total reimbursement rate and additional secondary statistics to quantify the reimbursement disparity were identified. Results: On average, female vitreoretinal surgeons were reimbursed 65% that of their male counterparts in 2020, $1.66 million to $2.56 million. The percentage of the average male vitreoretinal specialist's total reimbursement that the average female vitreoretinal specialist received decreased 8.8% from 2013 to 2020, from 73.8% to 65.0%. Conclusions: The reimbursement that the average female vitreoretinal surgeon receives from Medicare is only two thirds that of the average male vitreoretinal surgeon. In addition, there was no identifiable improvement in this disparity over the study period. Further efforts must be taken to establish concerted efforts to improve the reimbursement disparity and to identify the systematic inequities that led to its presence in the first place.