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Mezlocillin and azlocillin: an evaluation of two new beta-lactam antibiotics
Abstract:
Mezlocillin and azlocillin are broad spectrum penicillins for parenteral administration. In this study it was shown that they were very active against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. Thirty-five patients were treated with mezlocillin, and 5 patients were treated with azlocillin (in combination with cefoxitin in 3 cases). The serum, bile and CSF levels of the drugs were measured. Both antibiotics would appear to be safe and efficacious in treating serious infections by sensitive pathogens. Infections caused by unknown pathogens could be treated by one of these agents in combination with a broad spectrum beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin or cephamycin.
Insights
Mezlocillin and azlocillin are effective broad-spectrum antibiotics for serious bacterial infections. Clinical studies show these parenteral penicillins are safe and efficacious against sensitive pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Mezlocillin and azlocillin are broad-spectrum penicillins administered parenterally.
- These antibiotics exhibit significant activity against a diverse array of pathogenic bacteria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mezlocillin and azlocillin in treating serious bacterial infections.
- To measure serum, bile, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drug levels.
Main Methods:
- Clinical treatment of 35 patients with mezlocillin and 5 patients with azlocillin (3 also received cefoxitin).
- Pharmacokinetic analysis of drug concentrations in serum, bile, and CSF.
Main Results:
- Both mezlocillin and azlocillin demonstrated safety and efficacy in treating infections caused by susceptible pathogens.
- Therapeutic drug levels were observed in serum, bile, and CSF.
Conclusions:
- Mezlocillin and azlocillin are suitable for treating serious infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
- Empirical treatment of infections with unknown pathogens can involve these agents combined with a broad-spectrum beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin or cephamycin.