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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
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Breast Tuberculosis in Iran: A Comprehensive Review.

Farhang Babamahmoodi1, Abdolreza Babamahmoodi1,2,3, Rahim Barzegar3

  • 1Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

International Journal of Mycobacteriology
|May 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breast tuberculosis (TB) is rare but requires high suspicion for diagnosis. This review of 96 Iranian cases found common symptoms like pain and mass, with favorable outcomes after standard anti-TB drug treatment and low relapse rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health issue, affecting various organs.
  • Breast tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon manifestation of TB.
  • Accurate diagnosis of breast TB is often challenging due to its varied presentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze cases of breast TB reported in Iran over a 23-year period.
  • To identify common clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes for breast TB.
  • To emphasize the importance of increased awareness for diagnosing breast TB in high-burden regions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of breast TB cases in Iran from 1999 to 2022.
  • Analysis of 96 identified cases focusing on demographics, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • Data extraction and synthesis of relevant clinical and epidemiological information.

Main Results:

  • The majority of 96 cases were women aged 20-60 (89.6%).
  • Common symptoms included breast pain and palpable mass (approx. 60.4% each).
  • Excisional biopsy was crucial for diagnosis (68.7%), with a low relapse rate (4.2%) after standard 6-month anti-TB treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Breast TB diagnosis requires heightened clinical suspicion, particularly in endemic areas.
  • Despite diagnostic challenges, prompt treatment leads to favorable prognoses and minimal relapse.
  • Increased awareness and vigilance are essential for timely and accurate diagnosis of breast TB.