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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

234
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
234
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

134
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

221
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
221
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

177
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
177
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

322
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
322

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Related Experiment Video

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Tuberculosis in wild animals in India.

Harini Ramanujam1, Kannan Palaniyandi2

  • 1Department of Immunology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, #1, Mayor Sathiyamoorthy Road, Chennai, 600031, India.

Veterinary Research Communications
|May 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Wild animal tuberculosis (wTB) in India is underreported, posing diagnostic challenges due to diverse hosts and pathogens. A One Health approach is crucial for integrated surveillance and control strategies.

Keywords:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complexBovine tuberculosisOne healthTuberculosisWild animal

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Wildlife Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • India's rich biodiversity harbors Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms (MTBC) causing tuberculosis in wildlife (wTB).
  • wTB in captive and free-roaming animals is underexplored, with complex transmission from human, animal, and environmental sources.
  • Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle is well-documented, but wTB remains a significant knowledge gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of wTB in India.
  • To highlight the multifaceted challenges in diagnosing and managing wTB.
  • To explore One Health strategies for effective wTB control.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on wTB in India.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges including sample acquisition, taxonomic diversity, and lack of standardized protocols.
  • Exploration of One Health principles and collaborative approaches.

Main Results:

  • wTB diagnosis in wildlife is complicated by host and pathogen diversity, sample collection difficulties, and limited prevalence data.
  • Interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health necessitates a One Health approach.
  • Key stakeholders and intersectoral collaboration are vital for enhanced diagnostics and infrastructure.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive national wTB surveillance program is essential for integrated disease management.
  • Leveraging vaccination and advanced diagnostic techniques are critical control measures.
  • The One Health paradigm offers a holistic framework for addressing wTB challenges in India.