Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.4K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.4K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

106
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
106
Organization of the Brain01:30

Organization of the Brain

770
The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...
770
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

2.6K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
2.6K
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

324
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
324
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

3.7K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Aperiodic and oscillatory activity of the human brain during induced emotional states.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Right amygdala ablation reduces maladaptive negative interpretation bias and symptoms in a patient with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Direct electrical stimulation of the human amygdala enhances recognition memory for objects but not scenes.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Three Fundamental Neurophysiological Features of Neural Dynamics: Aperiodic, Waveform, and Transient.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Postapproval Study for Brain-Responsive Neurostimulation for Drug-Resistant Focal Epilepsy: Three-Year Efficacy and Interim Safety Results.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Motor Impairment and Adaptation in a Novel Nonhuman Primate Model of Internal Capsule Infarct.

Stroke·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.7K

Graded decisions in the human brain.

Tao Xie1,2, Markus Adamek1,2, Hohyun Cho1,2

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

Nature Communications
|May 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human decision-making is a graded process, not all-or-none. Neural signals show evidence accumulation without a definitive bound, suggesting flexible choice behavior.

More Related Videos

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.3K
Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

31.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 25, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.7K
Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
07:34

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

17.3K
Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy
10:35

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

31.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Human decision-making involves objective commitment but subjective uncertainty.
  • The nature of decision representations (definitive vs. graded) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether human decisions are definitive or based on graded representations.
  • To explore the neural correlates of perceptual decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded intracranial neural signals during human perceptual decision tasks.
  • Analyzed broadband gamma activity in relation to accumulated decision evidence.

Main Results:

  • Broadband gamma activity gradually ramped up, graded by accumulated evidence.
  • This graded activity persisted throughout decision-making, without reaching a definitive bound.
  • The parietal cortex showed the most prominent grading effects.

Conclusions:

  • Provided neural evidence for a graded decision process in humans.
  • Proposed an analog framework for flexible choice behavior in decision-making.