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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Published on: July 28, 2013

Correlation of diffusion tensor tractography with obstructive sleep apnea severity.

Bong Soo Park¹, Dong Ah Lee², Ho-Joon Lee³

¹Departments of Internal Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea.

Brain and Behavior

|May 22, 2024

Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to white matter (WM) changes, particularly reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in several brain tracts. These findings suggest tissue edema rather than neuronal damage in OSA patients.

Keywords:

connectometry diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance imaging obstructive sleep apnea white matter

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Sleep Medicine

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition associated with various health issues.
White matter (WM) integrity may be affected by OSA severity.
Correlation tractography is a potential method to investigate WM changes in OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the correlation between white matter (WM) tract integrity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity.
To identify specific WM tracts affected by OSA using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and connectometry.

Main Methods:

Forty participants with OSA underwent 3.0 Tesla MRI for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Connectometry analysis was performed using fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and quantitative anisotropy (QA) values.
The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was used as a measure of OSA severity, with a false-discovery rate threshold of 0.05 for statistical significance.

Main Results:

A significant negative correlation was found between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in multiple WM tracts, including the cingulum, corpus callosum, and arcuate fasciculus.
No significant positive correlations between AHI and FA were observed.
No significant correlations were found between AHI and mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), or quantitative anisotropy (QA) values.

Conclusions:

White matter (WM) tract alterations are statistically correlated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity.
Observed WM changes in OSA are likely indicative of tissue edema, not axonal loss.
Connectometry is a valuable technique for detecting WM changes in individuals with sleep disorders.