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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

Reduced Context Updating but Intact Visual Priors in Autism.

R Randeniya¹, I Vilares², J B Mattingley^1,3,4,5

¹Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Australia.

Computational Psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.)

|May 22, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Autism sensory differences may not stem from relying too much on new information. Instead, autistic individuals show reduced context adjustment and more variable sensory learning compared to neurotypicals.

Keywords:

ASD Bayesian RRB autism traits insistence on sameness likelihood prior restrictive repetitive behaviours sensitivities visual

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Sensory-perceptual differences, like hypersensitivities, are common in autism.
Existing Bayesian models offer conflicting explanations: precise sensory observations versus imprecise prior models.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate Bayesian accounts of sensory processing in autism.
To differentiate between precise likelihood and hypo-priors models in autistic individuals.

Main Methods:

A decision-under-uncertainty paradigm was employed.
Uncertainty was manipulated in both likelihoods and priors.
Autistic (AS) and neurotypical (NT) groups were compared.

Main Results:

No significant differences in likelihood reliance or prior variance between AS and NT groups.
Autistic individuals exhibited reduced context adjustment.
Heightened trial-by-trial variability in weighting sensory information was observed in the AS group.
Autistic traits correlated with increased likelihood precision.

Conclusions:

Findings support intact priors and precise likelihood in autism.
Evidence suggests reduced context updating and heightened variability in sensory learning.
The study provides empirical data challenging some existing Bayesian models of autism.