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Association Between Lumbopelvic Stability During a Single-Legged Step Down and Elbow-Varus Torque During Baseball
Zachary J DeZee1, Adam J Barrack1, Kayla Bucci2
1Department of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy and.
Journal of Athletic Training
|May 22, 2024
Summary
Baseball pitchers with greater trunk and pelvis motion during a single-legged step-down task may have higher elbow-varus torque and lower ball velocity. This lumbopelvic movement assessment can identify risk factors for elbow injuries.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics of baseball pitching
- Sports injury prevention
- Kinetic chain analysis
Background:
- Energy transfer during pitching relies on lumbopelvic stability.
- Reduced lumbopelvic stability is linked to elbow injuries, but mechanisms are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if lumbopelvic stability predicts elbow-varus torque in baseball pitchers.
- To characterize the relationship between lumbopelvic kinematics and pitching performance.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 44 NCAA Division I baseball players.
- Measured elbow-varus torque and ball velocity during fastball pitches.
- Assessed lumbopelvic stability using a single-legged step-down (SLSD) task with kinematic analysis.
Main Results:
- Two pitcher clusters emerged: low torque-high velocity and high torque-low velocity.
- Increased transverse-plane trunk motion (OR=2.9) and pelvis motion (OR=2.5) predicted higher odds of being in the high torque-low velocity cluster.
Conclusions:
- Lumbopelvic movement during SLSD can identify deficits associated with high elbow torque and low ball velocity.
- Transverse-plane pelvis and trunk motion are independently linked to this pitching profile.
- SLSD assessment offers a method to identify risk factors for increased elbow torque and decreased velocity.
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