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Biomechanical Correlations Between the Cornea and the Optic Nerve Head
Manqi Pan1, Sunny Kwok1, Xueliang Pan2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|May 22, 2024
Summary
Thin corneas increase glaucoma risk. This study found corneal shear strain strongly correlates with optic nerve head and peripapillary sclera shear strain under elevated intraocular pressure, suggesting a biomechanical link.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Biomechanics
- Glaucoma Research
Background:
- Thin central corneal thickness (CCT) is a known risk factor for glaucoma.
- The biomechanical mechanisms linking corneal properties to glaucoma remain unclear.
- Central corneal thickness (CCT) may serve as a surrogate for posterior ocular biomechanical parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between biomechanical responses of the cornea and the optic nerve head (ONH) and peripapillary sclera (PPS).
- To explore these correlations under conditions of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).
Main Methods:
- Human donor eyes underwent inflation tests with IOP raised from 5 to 30 mmHg.
- Ultrasound speckle tracking was used to measure tissue displacements and strains in the cornea, ONH, and PPS.
- Associations between corneal and posterior ocular strains at elevated IOP were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Corneal shear strain showed a significant positive correlation with optic nerve head (ONH) shear strain (R = 0.857, P = 0.003).
- Corneal shear strain also significantly correlated with peripapillary sclera (PPS) shear strain (R = 0.724, P = 0.028).
- Central corneal thickness (CCT) did not correlate with any measured strains.
Conclusions:
- Elevated IOP induces similar shear strain responses in the cornea, ONH, and PPS.
- A strong correlation exists between the shear strain responses of the cornea and the ONH to IOP.
- These findings offer a potential biomechanical explanation for the association between corneal properties and glaucoma risk.
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