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Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Graves' Disease: Smoking and Age as Predictive Factors

  • 0School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil.
Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists +

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May 22, 2024

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May 22, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Graves' disease (GD) patients show a 20% prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Age and smoking are risk factors, while TRAb levels may offer protection, highlighting the need to assess CAN in GD.

Area Of Science

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background

  • Graves' disease (GD) causes a hypermetabolic state impacting heart function and the autonomic nervous system.
  • Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a potential complication that requires characterization in GD patients.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in patients with Graves' disease (GD).
  • To identify factors associated with the presence of CAN in GD patients.

Main Methods

  • Evaluated euthyroid GD patients and healthy controls using autonomic function tests (cardiovascular reflexes, heart rate variability) and echocardiography.
  • Assessed parameters including deep breathing, Valsalva, orthostatic tests, and heart rate variability bands (HF, LF, VLF).

Main Results

  • CAN was diagnosed in 20% of GD patients and 14% of controls (P=0.7479).
  • Incipient and established CAN were observed in 13.3% and 6.7% of GD patients, respectively.
  • Age and smoking were associated with CAN; higher TRAb levels at diagnosis reduced CAN risk.

Conclusions

  • The study identified a 20% prevalence of CAN in euthyroid GD patients, indicating significant autonomic nervous system changes.
  • Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is an important complication in GD, necessitating clinical evaluation.
  • Smoking emerged as a predictive factor for CAN, exacerbating GD-related conditions.

Keywords:

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