Phosphorus release and distribution in sediment resuspension systems under disturbing conditions

The resuspension of phosphorus (P) in sediments has the most significant contribution to the overlying water. The PP release characterization during resuspension was investigated. The results indicated that the P in suspensions had more release risk compared to the sediments. The particulate P (PP) concentration (0.54 mg L^-1) under high-intensity rotational speed (250 rad min^-1) was about five times higher than others (0.11 mg L^-1). The sorption parameters of zero equilibrium P concentration (EPC_0F) and soluble reactive P (SRP) were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.01, r = 0.73). Suspended solids expressed stronger P source than sediments. The values of EPC_0F was highly significantly correlated with the sorption coefficient (K_F) and native adsorbed P (NAP) (p < 0.01). The mean values of NAP were 0.0612 mg g^-1 and 0.0604 mg g^-1 in the Prophase and Metaphase, respectively, and 0.0586 mg g^-1 at Anaphase. The values of P sorption index (PSI) ranged from 0.4359 to 0.6862 L g^-1, with mean values of 0.5350 L g^-1 (Prophase), 0.6061 L g^-1 (Metaphase), and 0.4967 L g^-1 (Anaphase). The degree of P saturation (DPS) decreased in the order of Anaphase (2.73%) > Prophase (2.53%) > Metaphase (2.12%). The release risk index of P (ERI) decreased in the order of Anaphase (5.47%) > Prophase (4.72%) > Metaphase (3.59%), with a range of 2.12%-8.56%. To fast and slow scale, the results of NaOH-P (V₁<0, V₂>0) contribution indicated that the persistent disturbance promoted the release of adsorbed dissolved PP from NaOH-P in suspended sediment to the overlying water. The contribution of HCl-P (V₂ > 0) was positive in the Anaphase of the slow scale, and HCl-P was a PP source in the frequently disturbing conditions.