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Intestinal microbiota and gene expression alterations in leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) under
Gengfu Zhou1, Zhi Ye2, Jian Luo1
1Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Haikou/Sanya, China.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology
|May 22, 2024
Summary
Intestinal dysbiosis, marked by a rise in Alcaligenaceae, triggered enteritis in leopard coral grouper. Probiotic genera like Lactococcus show promise for managing fish enteritis.
Area of Science:
- Aquatic animal health
- Microbiology
- Fish immunology
Background:
- Enteritis significantly impacts fish farming, causing inflammation and dysfunction.
- An outbreak in leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus) showed no clear cause from feeding or water quality.
- Understanding intestinal flora and host responses is crucial for managing enteritis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate intestinal flora alterations in diseased leopard coral grouper.
- To elucidate host responses and interactions during enteritis.
- To identify pathogenetic mechanisms for effective enteritis management.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of intestinal microbiota between healthy and enteritis-affected fish.
- Transcriptomic analysis of intestinal and hepatic tissues.
- Correlation analysis between microbial composition and host gene expression.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in intestinal flora were observed, with Alcaligenaceae dominating diseased fish and Lactococcus in controls.
- Transcriptomics revealed strong inflammatory responses, impaired metabolism, tissue damage, and iron death signaling in affected fish.
- Pathogen-associated microbes correlated positively with inflammation and tissue damage genes.
Conclusions:
- Intestinal dysbiosis, particularly high Alcaligenaceae abundance, is a key trigger for enteritis in leopard coral grouper.
- Alcaligenaceae, Achromobacter, Sphingomonas, and Streptococcus are potential enteritis biomarkers.
- Lactococcus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto, and Enterococcus show probiotic potential for enteritis management.
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