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Vitamin D and obesity.

Chan Yoon Park1, Sung Nim Han2

  • 1Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Health Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research
|May 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D deficiency is linked to obesity, though the causal relationship requires further study. Mechanisms like vitamin D sequestration in fat tissue and its role in adipocyte biology are explored to understand this connection.

Keywords:
AdipocytesAdipogenesisLipogenesisObesityVitamin D deficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • An inverse association between vitamin D status and obesity is observed in humans and animal models.
  • The causal link between vitamin D and obesity remains inconclusive, with proposed mechanisms including volumetric dilution and sequestration in adipose tissue.
  • Vitamin D influences adipose tissue biology, affecting adipocyte differentiation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency across populations.
  • To examine alterations in vitamin D metabolism associated with obesity.
  • To explore vitamin D's cellular regulation of adipogenesis and lipogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of human and animal studies on vitamin D status and obesity.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms linking vitamin D deficiency and obesity.
  • Examination of cellular and molecular pathways involved in vitamin D's regulation of adipose tissue.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and influenced by various demographic and lifestyle factors.
  • Obesity is associated with altered vitamin D metabolism and distribution.
  • Vitamin D plays a role in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis at the cellular level.

Conclusions:

  • While an association exists, the direct causality between vitamin D status and obesity requires further investigation.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of vitamin D's impact on adipose tissue is crucial for addressing obesity.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay between vitamin D and metabolic health.