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Personalized Intervention Based on Early Detection of Atherosclerosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review

Rikke V Nielsen1, Valentin Fuster2, Henning Bundgaard3

  • 1Department of Medical Science, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|May 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health issue. Early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis using precision medicine offers a chance to prevent heart attacks and strokes, shifting focus from late-stage management to early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality.
  • Atherosclerosis underlies most CVD cases and develops over decades.
  • Early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for a paradigm shift in CVD management.
  • To explore early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis.
  • To investigate the role of precision medicine in CVD prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
  • Identifying opportunities for early intervention.
  • Proposing the use of imaging and circulating biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Atherosclerosis begins in early life, presenting a window for prevention.
  • Current strategies focus on late-stage management, missing prevention opportunities.
  • Precision medicine holds potential for earlier and more effective detection.

Conclusions:

  • A paradigm shift towards early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis is necessary.
  • Precision medicine approaches can identify atherosclerosis in its early stages.
  • Further research is needed to confirm cost-effectiveness of early detection strategies.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseimagingprecision medicineprimary prevention

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