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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
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Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
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Revolutionizing Infertility Management through Novel Peptide-based Targets.

Vijay Kumar1, Gaurav Doshi1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India.

Current Protein & Peptide Science
|May 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Infertility affects millions globally. Novel peptides like Kisspeptin, Neurokinin-B, and Orexin show promise in managing reproductive disorders by regulating key hormones.

Keywords:
Signaling pathwaysgonadotropin-releasing hormonehypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis.infertilitykisspeptinneurokinin-borexin

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Infertility impacts 48 million couples worldwide, with identifiable causes in 85% of cases.
  • Dysfunctions in ovulation, male factors, PCOS, and tubal disease are common causes.
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulates reproductive hormones essential for fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical perspective, isoforms, and signaling pathways of Kisspeptin (KP), Neurokinin-B (NKB), and Orexin.
  • To explore novel peptide-based therapeutic targets for infertility management.
  • To summarize clinical and preclinical findings on these peptides in reproductive health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on historical data and current research.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and feedback mechanisms of KP, NKB, and Orexin.
  • Synthesis of findings from clinical and preclinical studies on peptide-based infertility treatments.

Main Results:

  • KP, NKB, and Orexin are key modulators of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion.
  • These peptides influence both positive and negative feedback loops in the reproductive axis.
  • Emerging evidence suggests their therapeutic potential in managing various infertility causes.

Conclusions:

  • Kisspeptin, Neurokinin-B, and Orexin represent promising novel peptide targets for infertility.
  • Understanding their complex roles in regulating the HPA axis is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • Further clinical and preclinical research is warranted to optimize their use in reproductive medicine.