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Transcriptomic Profiling in Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer Induced by Microwave Ablation.

Huarong Li1, Lei Liang1, Jianming Li2,3

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China.

International Journal of Endocrinology
|May 23, 2024
PubMed
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Microwave ablation (MWA) for low-risk thyroid cancer significantly alters the immune response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Key inflammatory and tumor-promoting pathways were downregulated post-ablation, suggesting potential for systemic antitumor immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are crucial for systemic immune responses.
  • Microwave ablation (MWA) is a treatment modality for low-risk thyroid cancer.
  • Understanding the immune impact of MWA is essential for optimizing cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptomic changes in PBMCs following MWA in low-risk thyroid cancer patients.
  • To identify key immune pathways and gene expression alterations induced by MWA.
  • To explore the potential of MWA in eliciting systemic antitumor immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples collected from eight low-risk thyroid cancer patients pre-MWA, one day post-MWA, and one month post-MWA.
  • PBMC isolation and mRNA extraction for next-generation sequencing and qRT-PCR.

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  • Plasma chemokine analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant alterations in Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), including NF-kappa B-TNFα pathway, inflammatory response, and estrogen response.
    • Downregulation of tumor-promoting genes (BCL3, NR6A1, PFKFB3) and inflammation-related cytokines.
    • Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment revealed pathways related to oxygen transport (1 day post-MWA) and toll-like receptor signaling (1 month post-MWA).

    Conclusions:

    • MWA induces a comprehensive systemic immune response in low-risk thyroid cancer.
    • The observed downregulation of tumor-promoting genes and inflammatory markers suggests a potential for systemic antitumor immunity.
    • This study provides a transcriptomic profile valuable for understanding ablation-induced immunity in thyroid cancer.