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The Management of Patients at High Risk of Serious COVID-19 Disease: Optimising the Patient Pathway in the Middle
Jameela Al-Salman1, Ashraf Amir2, Luke Sp Moore3
1Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR.
Cureus
|May 23, 2024
Summary
Antiviral treatments can prevent severe COVID-19, but their use in high-risk patients varies globally. Improving healthcare professional education and patient engagement is key to optimizing care pathways and outcomes in the Middle East, Africa, and Eastern Europe.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antiviral therapies are available for high-risk individuals to mitigate severe COVID-19 outcomes.
- National guidelines exist for COVID-19 management, yet their real-world application in clinical practice remains unclear.
- This study addresses the therapeutic management of high-risk COVID-19 patients in the Middle East, Africa, and Eastern Europe.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the current management of high-risk COVID-19 patients in the Middle East, Africa, and Eastern Europe.
- To understand existing practices, identify challenges, and propose strategies for improving COVID-19 care in these regions.
- To explore the role of primary care physicians and pharmacists in managing high-risk COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- A regional summit of healthcare professionals (HCPs) from the Middle East, Africa, and Eastern Europe was convened in February 2023.
- Insights from the summit were augmented by a non-systematic literature search of MEDLINE and online sources (since 2020) focusing on LMICs.
- Data synthesis informed recommendations for future priorities and optimal global care pathways for high-risk COVID-19 patients.
Main Results:
- Primary care is the initial point of contact, but the role of primary care physicians (PCPs) in treatment is uncertain.
- Significant inter-country variations in care pathways exist due to differences in local practices, healthcare systems, and resources.
- HCP education is crucial for patient identification, counseling, and management; pharmacists play a key role in managing antiviral interactions.
- Patient hesitancy and misinformation contribute to delayed treatment and symptom progression, necessitating proactive patient counseling and targeted education.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing COVID-19 management for high-risk patients requires global stakeholder collaboration.
- Effective implementation of guidelines and improved patient outcomes depend on coordinated efforts.
- Addressing patient hesitancy and enhancing HCP education are critical for improving care pathways.
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