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Monitoring of Nanodrug Accumulation in Murine Breast Cancer Metastases
Published on: August 23, 2024
Extracellular vesicle-mediated drug delivery in breast cancer theranostics
Toufik Abdul-Rahman1, Poulami Roy2, Ranferi Eduardo Herrera-Calderón3
1Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine. drakelin24@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Breast cancer (BC) continues to be a significant global challenge due to drug resistance and severe side effects. The increasing prevalence is alarming, requiring new therapeutic approaches to address these challenges. At this point, Extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically small endosome-released nanometer-sized EVs (SEVs) or exosomes, have been explored by literature as potential theranostics. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of exosomes in BC, focusing on their advantages in drug delivery and their ability to mitigate metastasis. Following the review, we identified exosomes' potential in combination therapies, serving as miRNA carriers and contributing to improved anti-tumor effects. This is evident in clinical trials investigating exosomes in BC, which have shown their ability to boost chemotherapy efficacy by delivering drugs like paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX). However, the translation of EVs into BC therapy is hindered by various challenges. These challenges include the heterogeneity of EVs, the selection of the appropriate parent cell, the loading procedures, and determining the optimal administration routes. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of EVs, these obstacles must be addressed to realize their benefits in BC treatment.
Insights
Exosomes show promise for breast cancer (BC) therapy by enhancing drug delivery and reducing metastasis. Overcoming challenges in exosome production and application is key to their clinical success in treating BC.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nanomedicine
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Breast cancer (BC) presents significant challenges globally, including drug resistance and severe side effects.
- Current therapeutic strategies necessitate novel approaches to improve patient outcomes.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are emerging as promising theranostic agents for BC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic potential of exosomes in breast cancer treatment.
- To focus on exosome advantages in drug delivery and metastasis mitigation.
- To explore the role of exosomes in combination therapies and as miRNA carriers for enhanced anti-tumor effects.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of exosomes in breast cancer therapy.
- Analysis of clinical trials investigating exosome-based drug delivery.
- Identification of challenges hindering the clinical translation of exosome therapy.
Main Results:
- Exosomes demonstrate potential in boosting chemotherapy efficacy (e.g., paclitaxel, doxorubicin) in BC.
- Exosomes can serve as miRNA carriers, improving anti-tumor effects and mitigating metastasis.
- Clinical trials indicate enhanced chemotherapy efficacy when using exosomes for drug delivery in BC.
Conclusions:
- Exosomes offer significant therapeutic potential for breast cancer, particularly in drug delivery and metastasis control.
- Challenges such as EV heterogeneity, parent cell selection, loading efficiency, and administration routes must be addressed.
- Further research and development are crucial to overcome these obstacles and realize the clinical benefits of exosome-based BC therapies.
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