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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Introducing due process as a sixth school of open science, this study argues that withholding scientific data in criminal proceedings violates constitutional rights. Forensic trials should be open and registered for transparency.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Open Science
  • Forensic Science
  • Legal Studies

Background:

  • The established open science canon includes public engagement, democratic access, knowledge gain efficiency, technology sharing, and impact assessment.
  • A sixth school, due process, is introduced, emphasizing the legal right to discover potentially exculpatory scientific evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish due process as a constitutional mandate for open science when scientific evidence is involved.
  • To illustrate the significance of due process in open science through a forensic science case study.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a case study involving a federally funded forensic investigation on firearms examiner accuracy.
  • Examination of data withholding practices and their impact on criminal proceedings.

Main Results:

  • Summary statistics from the forensic investigation suggested high accuracy, but the scientific community's call for data release was opposed for three years.
  • Withholding underlying data during criminal proceedings, while summary statistics were used for evidence admissibility, was deemed a violation of due process.
  • The withheld data hinted at potential flaws in experimental design and analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Due process necessitates open science, especially when scientific evidence is used in legal contexts.
  • The study advocates for registered and open "forensic trials" analogous to clinical trials to ensure transparency and accountability in forensic science.
  • Implementing open forensic trials can enhance the validity and reliability of forensic methods and evidence.