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Single-cell RNA Sequencing of Fluorescently Labeled Mouse Neurons Using Manual Sorting and Double In Vitro Transcription with Absolute Counts Sequencing DIVA-Seq
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A data-driven single-cell and spatial transcriptomic map of the human prefrontal cortex.

Louise A Huuki-Myers1, Abby Spangler1, Nicholas J Eagles1

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Summary
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Spatial transcriptomics reveals novel molecular domains in the human neocortex, moving beyond traditional layers. These domains show distinct cell compositions and link to neuropsychiatric disorder genes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Human neocortex organization traditionally studied via histological layers.
  • Spatial transcriptomics offers new ways to define molecular domains.
  • Cytoarchitecture limitations in understanding neocortical organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a molecular neuroanatomical atlas of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
  • To identify transcriptionally defined spatial domains.
  • To map neuropsychiatric disorder-associated genes and cell types to these domains.

Main Methods:

  • Visium spatial gene expression platform for atlas generation.
  • Integration with single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data.
  • Analysis of anterior-posterior axis of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
  • Utilized PsychENCODE and public data for gene/cell type enrichment mapping.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct spatial domains based on gene expression.
  • Revealed unique cell type compositions and interactions within these domains.
  • Mapped enrichment of neuropsychiatric disorder-associated genes and cell types to specific spatial domains.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial transcriptomics provides a powerful approach to molecularly define neocortical organization.
  • Novel spatial domains offer new insights into neocortical structure and function.
  • These findings link specific neocortical regions to neuropsychiatric disorder risk.