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Loneliness, perceived social support, and their changes predict medical adherence over 12 months among patients with

Yunge Fan1, Biing-Jiun Shen2, Moon-Ho Ringo Ho3

  • 1School of Psychology, Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Educational Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.

British Journal of Health Psychology
|May 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Changes in loneliness and social support impact medical adherence in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Continuous monitoring of these factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes and adherence to treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) patients face challenges with medical adherence.
  • Loneliness and perceived social support are potential psychosocial factors influencing adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if changes in loneliness and social support predict medical adherence in CHD patients over 12 months.
  • To examine the short-term and long-term buffering effects of social support on the relationship between loneliness and medical adherence.

Main Methods:

  • A three-wave longitudinal study involving 255 CHD patients (mean age 63).
  • Assessment of medical adherence, loneliness, and perceived social support at baseline, 3, and 12 months.
  • Hierarchical regression and moderation analyses to determine predictive and buffering effects.

Main Results:

  • Increased loneliness predicted decreased medical adherence at 12 months (β = -.23, p = .001).
  • Increased social support predicted improved medical adherence at 3 (β = .23, p = .002) and 12 months (β = .26, p = .001).
  • Social support buffered the negative impact of loneliness on adherence at baseline (B = .29, p = .020).

Conclusions:

  • Changes in loneliness and social support significantly influence medical adherence in CHD patients.
  • Continuous monitoring of loneliness and social support is vital for promoting medical adherence in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
coronary heart diseaselonelinessmedical adherenceperceived social support

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