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A thematic analysis of MDMA-related harm and harm reduction experiences and knowledge in Aotearoa New Zealand

Jai Whelan1, Ryan D Ward2, Geoff Noller3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Otago, William James Building, Level 1, 275 Leith Walk, Ōtepoti/Dunedin, Aotearoa, 9016, New Zealand. jai.whelan@postgrad.otago.ac.nz.

Harm Reduction Journal
|May 23, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Understanding Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use in New Zealand shows that mindset, peer support, and drug checking are key harm reduction strategies. This research informs national policies to reduce MDMA-related harm.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Drug Policy

Background:

  • Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use is common in Aotearoa New Zealand, with associated harms including fatalities.
  • Despite potential harms, MDMA is considered less harmful than many other widely used substances.
  • Understanding user perspectives is crucial for effective national harm reduction strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore MDMA-related harm and harm reduction from the perspective of consumers.
  • To inform national drug policy and harm reduction practices in Aotearoa New Zealand.
  • To reduce overall MDMA-related harm within the community.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 14 semi-structured focus groups with 60 MDMA users (aged 18-67) in the Southern region of Aotearoa New Zealand.
  • Employed reflexive thematic analysis from a critical realist perspective to analyze user experiences.
  • Focused on gathering insights into perceived harms and effective harm reduction strategies.

Main Results:

  • Identified five key themes: importance of mindset and setting, self-care and moderation, risks associated with polydrug use, protective role of peer support, and the necessity of valid information for self-determination.
  • Highlighted drug checking as an essential harm reduction practice (subtheme 5.1).
  • Revealed that social and informational factors significantly influence MDMA user experiences and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Findings provide critical insights into MDMA consumer experiences and harm reduction needs.
  • Recommendations aim to inform national drug policy and guide harm reduction organizations.
  • The study emphasizes a user-centered approach to minimize MDMA-related harm in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Keywords:
Aotearoa New ZealandHarmHarm reductionMDMAReflexive thematic analysis

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