Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Impact of Reduced Resistance Exercise Volume on Metabolic Health
Published on: December 1, 2023
Effects of Educational Interventions on Dietary Adherence among Type 2 Diabetics in Zahedan: Using the Health Action
Sara Moghimi1, Abolfazl Payandeh2, Soheila Ranjbaran3
1MSc student of Health Education and Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Background:
Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, and dietary adherence is a self-care practice. This research aims to improve dietary adherence among type 2 diabetics in Zahedan using the HAPA model.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 210 type 2 diabetics admitted to hospital clinics in Zahedan during summer 2022 were selected. The intervention group (n = 105) and the control group (n = 105) were from hospitals in Zahedan. Samples were selected by the simple random sampling method among the diabetics. After data collection using the demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Dietary Adherence Questionnaire and the HAPA model constructs questionnaire, the pre-test analysis was performed. One and three months after the educational intervention, the questionnaires on HAPA model constructs and self-care behavior were filled out by the patients. Next, data were analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square test, and the Shapiro-Wilk test in SPSS 23.
Results:
The results showed that all of the HAPA model constructs had significant differences, one and three months after the educational intervention (P = 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of education in the intervention group. However, there was no significant difference in the control group (P = 0.009).
Conclusion:
After the intervention using the HAPA model, the model's constructs had a significant impact on the patients' self-care of dietary adherence following the training.
Related Concept Videos
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Role of Communication in the Nursing Process II: Planning and Implementation
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...

