Exploring biorepository donation patterns, experiences, and recommendations: a mixed-methods study among Appalachian...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical research
• Health disparities
• Precision health

Background:

• Biomarker research is crucial for precision health but often under-represents subgroups.
• Appalachian populations in behavioral health trials present unique challenges for biorepository donations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine biorepository donation rates and influencing factors in an Appalachian sample.
• To identify demographic and qualitative differences in biospecimen return for a behavioral intervention trial.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative analysis of donation rates with qualitative interviews.
• Enrollment and biospecimen return (stool/buccal) were tracked for participants in a sugary drink reduction trial.
• Demographic data and interview responses on decision-making, experiences, and recommendations were analyzed.

Main Results:

• 61% of invited participants enrolled in the biomarker study, with 63% returning buccal and 49% returning stool samples.
• Metro residents were more likely to return stool samples (56%) than non-metro residents (39%). Older participants (≥40) also showed a trend towards higher stool sample return.
• Societal and personal benefits motivated donation, while mistrust and collection challenges deterred it. Clear instructions and simple kits facilitated donation.

Conclusions:

• Biomarker research in medically underserved regions requires targeted awareness campaigns.
• Findings can inform strategies to optimize enrollment and biorepository donation in future studies in similar populations.