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Toward Maximizing Assessment Efficiency: A Synthesized Trial-Based Functional Analysis and Competing Stimulus

Lesley A Shawler1, Gabriella Castaneda-Velazquez1, Grace Lafo1

  • 1School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study adapted functional analysis (FA) to assess self-injurious behavior (SIB) in a child with developmental disabilities. A brief trial-based FA identified attention as a likely reinforcer for SIB, enabling safer, individualized treatment.

Keywords:
competing stimulicompeting stimulus assessmentsevere SIBsynthesized FAtrial-based FA

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Area of Science:

  • Behavior Analysis
  • Developmental Disabilities
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Standard functional analysis (FA) has limitations including time, resources, ecological relevance, and safety.
  • Procedural adaptations like trial-based and synthesized FA formats have been developed to address these limitations.
  • Self-injurious behavior (SIB) requires careful assessment to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the function(s) of SIB in a 3-year-old female with developmental disabilities.
  • To utilize a brief trial-based FA with synthesized contingencies based on caregiver input.
  • To minimize opportunities for SIB during assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A brief trial-based functional analysis (FA) was employed.
  • Ecologically relevant synthesized contingencies were used, informed by caregiver input.
  • Competing stimuli were assessed to identify potential reinforcers for SIB.

Main Results:

  • Positive physical attention was identified as a likely reinforcer for SIB in under 42 minutes.
  • The synthesized trial-based FA resulted in minimal harm to the child.
  • The caregiver responded favorably to the modified assessment conditions.
  • Two potential items were identified that may compete with attention as a reinforcer for SIB.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized assessment is crucial for the safe treatment of severely challenging behaviors.
  • Brief, synthesized trial-based FA is a viable and effective method for identifying SIB functions.
  • Modified FA procedures can be safe, efficient, and acceptable to caregivers.