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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction

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In Search of Better Peptide-(Derived from PD-L2)-Based Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Boris Klebansky¹, Marina Backer², Vitaliy Gorbatyuk³

¹BioPredict Inc., 4 Adele Ave., Demarest, NY 07627, USA.

|May 24, 2024

Summary

Novel peptide inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway offer a promising new approach for cancer immunotherapy. These potent peptidomimetics show significant in vitro activity, addressing limitations of current antibody therapies.

Keywords:

FRET NMR PD-1 PD-L1 PD-L2 inhibitors modeling

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Drug Discovery

Background:

Current cancer immunotherapies often target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway but are ineffective for many patients.
A significant unmet need exists for novel immune checkpoint inhibitors with broader efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop novel, high-potency peptide inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1(-L2) protein-protein interaction.
To explore the mechanism of action and structural basis of these peptide inhibitors.

Main Methods:

Development of peptide inhibitors with varying amino acid lengths.
In vitro assays to determine inhibitory activity (IC50).
Computational modeling and 2D NMR spectroscopy to study PD-1/peptide complex structures.

Main Results:

Identified potent peptide inhibitors (12-14 amino acids) with sub-micromolar IC50 values.
Extensive modeling and 2D NMR studies elucidated peptide positioning within the PD-1 binding site.
Demonstrated substantial progress in developing peptidomimetic-based immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Conclusions:

Peptide inhibitors represent a viable and promising alternative to antibody-based therapies for PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibition.
These findings advance the development of novel cancer immunotherapies with potentially improved patient outcomes.