Temporal Muscle Thickness and Sarcopenia Components in Healthy Adults, Validated through Allgeun Diagnostic Tool

Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive muscle loss and functional decline, poses significant risks, including falls, impaired daily activities, and increased mortality. We developed Allgeun, a novel device that measures handgrip strength, muscle mass, and physical performance. This study aimed to investigate whether temporal muscle thickness (TMT) could be used as a sarcopenia marker and to evaluate the usability of Allgeun. This prospective study enrolled 28 participants without medical or neurological disorders. They underwent three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging using a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. TMT was measured based on T1-weighted images by a board-certified neuroradiologist. Allgeun was used to measure the following three key components of sarcopenia: muscle strength (handgrip strength), muscle mass (calf and thigh circumference), and physical performance (five times the chair stand test). Correlation analysis was conducted between TMT and the results of the handgrip strength, calf and thigh circumferences, and chair stand tests. There were moderate positive correlations between TMT and calf circumference (r = 0.413, p = 0.029), thigh circumference (r = 0.486, p = 0.008), and handgrip strength (r = 0.444, p = 0.018). However, no significant correlation was observed between TMT and physical performance (r = -0.000, p = 0.998). Our findings underscore TMT's potential as an indicator of sarcopenia, particularly regarding muscle mass and strength. Additionally, we demonstrated that the new device, Allgeun, is useful for screening and diagnosing the severity of sarcopenia.