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Genetics of Hypertension: From Monogenic Analysis to GETomics

Martina Zappa1, Michele Golino1,2, Paolo Verdecchia3,4

  • 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|May 24, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Arterial hypertension, a major cardiovascular risk, is influenced by genetics. Research has identified over 900 genetic loci linked to blood pressure, offering insights into disease risk and personalized treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension is the most common global cardiovascular risk factor, leading to significant mortality.
  • It affects 1.28 billion adults worldwide, with millions of deaths annually.
  • Hypertension is a complex trait influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the genetics of arterial hypertension.
  • To highlight recent advancements in identifying genetic loci associated with blood pressure regulation.
  • To discuss the implications of genetic findings for disease pathogenesis, risk assessment, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent molecular genetic studies on primary arterial hypertension.
  • Analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identifying loci for blood pressure regulation.
  • Synthesis of findings related to genetic contributions to hypertension.

Main Results:

  • Over 900 independent genetic loci associated with blood pressure regulation have been identified.
  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular genetic basis of primary hypertension.
  • Genetic insights offer potential for improved risk prediction and novel therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Genetics plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension.
  • Understanding these genetic factors can enhance risk assessment and personalized medicine.
  • Future research holds promise for developing new drugs and tailored treatments for hypertension.

Keywords:
arterial hypertensiongeneticsgene–environment interactions

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