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Working Models in the Digital Workflow: Are They Reliable?

Antonello Appiani, Paolo Scattarelli, Giacomo Ori

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    Digital models from intraoral scanners (IOS) are crucial for fabricating dental prostheses. This paper reviews model types, analyzes reliability issues, and offers solutions for accurate tooth-borne and implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).

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    Area of Science:

    • Digital Dentistry
    • Dental Materials Science
    • Prosthodontics

    Background:

    • Digital workflows are transforming dental prosthetics.
    • Intraoral scanners (IOS) generate digital files for model fabrication.
    • Working models are essential for creating accurate fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the types of working models producible from intraoral scanner (IOS) digital files.
    • To critically analyze factors affecting the reliability of these models for fabricating tooth-borne and implant-supported FDPs.
    • To propose procedures for overcoming issues and ensuring satisfactory restoration outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Comprehensive literature review.
    • Analysis of milled and 3D-printed models (solid and alveolar).
    • Evaluation of model accuracy and reliability based on digital data.

    Main Results:

    • Differences in accuracy and reliability between milled and 3D-printed models are highlighted.
    • Peculiarities of models with prepared natural teeth versus those with implant analogs are described.
    • Clinical indications for various model types are presented.

    Conclusions:

    • Strategies to avoid errors and overcome inaccuracies in model fabrication are proposed.
    • Ensuring the reliability of digital models is key for successful FDP fabrication.
    • The paper provides guidance for optimizing digital workflows in prosthodontics.