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Evaluation of Inter-atrial Septal Defect Diameter and Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Children with Ostium
J M Chinawa1, E N Ossai2, A T Chinawa3
1Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Ituku/Ozalla and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Insights
Children with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (OS ASD) exhibit reduced left ventricular mass compared to controls. Echocardiography revealed significant differences in ventricular dimensions, suggesting altered cardiac function in pediatric OS ASD patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiac Physiology
- Congenital Heart Disease
Background:
- Children with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (OS ASD) often display impaired ventricular function.
- Understanding these functional changes is crucial for managing pediatric cardiac conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare left ventricular systolic function in children diagnosed with OS ASD against a healthy control group.
- To identify specific echocardiographic parameters indicative of ventricular dysfunction in OS ASD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study included 113 children with OS ASD and 113 matched controls (age 1 month–16 years).
- Echocardiography was used to assess left ventricular systolic function parameters.
- Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20.
Main Results:
- Children with OS ASD showed significantly lower mean left ventricular mass (LV mass), left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd), interventricular septal diameter in systole (IVSs), and left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs) compared to controls.
- No significant correlation was found between the size of the atrial septal defect and left ventricular systolic function or age.
- Females appeared to have higher cardiac function than males.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric patients with OS ASD demonstrate reduced left ventricular mass and altered ventricular dimensions.
- These findings highlight potential systolic function differences in children with OS ASD compared to healthy peers.
- Sex-based differences in cardiac function may warrant further investigation in this population.
Background:
Children with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (OS ASD) usually present with varying degrees of ventricular dysfunction.
Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function of children with OS ASD compared with control.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study involving 113 children with OS ASD and 113 age- and sex- matched controls. Their age ranged from 1 month to 16 years. There were 49 males and 64 females in each group. Left ventricular systolic function of children with isolated OS ASD were compared with that of controls using echocardiography. Subjects and controls who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited in the study. The data elicited from the study were analyzed with the IBM SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp, Chicago).
Results:
The mean left ventricular mass (LV mass) of the control, 93.9±113.6 gm was significantly higher than that of subjects with OS ASD, 39.4±74.3 gm, (Mann Whitney U= 4.266, p< 0.001). Similarly, the mean left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd) of the control,25.8±11.7 mm was significantly higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 19.9±7.1 mm (Mann Whitney U=4.522, p<0.001). The mean interventricular septal diameter in systole (IVSs) of the control, 7.2±3.5 mm was higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 5.0±1.9 mm and the mean difference was found to be statistically significant, (Student t=5.738, p<0.001). The mean left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs) of the control, 16.2±7.6 mm was significantly higher than that of participants with OS ASD, 12.9±5.8 mm, (Student t= 3.660, p< 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the size of interatrial septal defect of children with OS ASD and left ventricular systolic function and age :(Corr. Coef. 0.065, p= 0.492) ; EF( Corr. Coef. 0.121,p=0.202), FS (Corr. Coef. 0.139, p=0.143).
Conclusion:
Children with OS ASD had lower left ventricular mass compared with those with control. Females seem to have higher function than males.
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