Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
Published on: April 16, 2015
The Th1/Th2 paradigm: A misrepresentation of helper T cell plasticity
Noah P Rogozynski1, Brian Dixon1
1Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Abstract:
For decades, the Th1/2 paradigm has been used to classify immune responses as either Th1 or Th2-biased. However, in recent years, a staggering amount of evidence has emerged to support rejection of the classical Th1/Th2 paradigm, such as the discoveries of new helper T cell subsets, helper T cell plasticity and protective mixed-Th1/Th2 responses. This opinion piece investigates the shortcomings of classical Th1/Th2 paradigm in the context of recent works, with the goal of facilitating the development of newer models to represent the diversity of Th cells.
Related Concept Videos
T Cell Types and Functions
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...

