Characteristic evaluation and environmental validation of self-compacting concrete containing sandstone slurry waste...

This study aims to understand the impact of concrete ingredients on the environment. To analyze the effect of, three significant indexes have been taken into consideration, which are embodied carbon dioxide index (e-CO₂), embodied energy consumption (e-energy), and embodied resource consumption (e-resource) index. The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology has considered veto comprehending the probable application of sandstone waste in the form of a slurry (Sslurry) and powder (Spowder) for the development of self-compacting concrete (SCC). This study can be proven beneficial to evaluate the potential adverse effects from environmental and energy perspectives. One reference mix and eighteen design mixes of SCC have been designed and developed to perform an experimental program. An environmental impact comparison of the "hybrid" SCC was performed using the OpenLCA life cycle analysis software with Ecoinvent LCIA methods. The outcomes of this experimental program reveal that the partial replacement of pozzolana Portland cement (PPC) with Sslurry can reduce e-CO₂ emission along with the e-energy and e-resource parameters. When Spowder was used as the partial substitution of fine aggregate (FA), only the e-resource index decreased, and e-CO₂ and e-energy increased. Minimalist impact on the environment has been noticed when SCC is prepared with Sslurry and Spowder. A detailed LCA analysis study justifies the utilization of Sslurry and Spowder in SCC, which exhibits encouraging results concerning strength and quality. Hence, it was observed that Sslurry and Spowder in developing green and sustainable SCC with moderate strength characteristics are beneficial from an environmental impact perspective.