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Relationship between serum apolipoprotein B and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in individuals
Ying Huang1, Siwei Chen1, Huachun Pan2
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nanchang People's Hospital (The Third Hospital of Nanchang), Jiangxi, China.
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|May 24, 2024
Summary
Abnormal Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels in hypertensive individuals are linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk. Maintaining optimal ApoB levels, around 100 mg/dL, is crucial for reducing mortality in this population.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Clinical Chemistry
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Dyslipidemia and hypertension are common comorbidities.
- Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a key predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Elevated serum ApoB levels may increase mortality risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum ApoB levels and all-cause mortality (ACM) and CVD mortality (CVM) in a US hypertensive population.
- To examine the dose-dependent relationship between ApoB concentrations and mortality risk.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2005-2019).
- Serum ApoB quantified by nephelometry; participants categorized into low, normal, and high (abnormal) levels.
- Survey-weighted Cox hazards and generalized additive models (GAM) used to analyze mortality endpoints.
Main Results:
- A median follow-up of 95 months revealed 986 ACM and 286 CVM.
- Abnormal ApoB levels showed a trend toward increased ACM (HR 1.22) and significantly increased CVM (HR 1.76).
- GAM analysis indicated a nonlinear, U-shaped association between ApoB levels and both ACM and CVM.
Conclusions:
- Serum ApoB levels exhibit a U-shaped correlation with ACM and CVM in hypertensive individuals, with the lowest risk observed around 100 mg/dL.
- Abnormal ApoB levels, particularly low levels, are associated with elevated mortality risks.
- Maintaining appropriate ApoB levels is vital for preventing adverse outcomes in hypertensive patients.
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