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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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The Immune Microenvironment Landscape of Pituitary NeuroEndocrine Tumors, a Transcriptomic Approach.

Sandra Vela-Patiño1,2, Ma Isabel Salazar2, Keiko Taniguchi-Ponciano1

  • 1Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico.

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|May 25, 2024
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Summary

This study reveals distinct immune cell profiles in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), identifying specific immune genes and cell types. Certain markers may predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in PitNET patients.

Keywords:
M2 macrophageschemokinescytokinesimmune microenvironmentpituitary tumors

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) exhibit variable immune cell infiltration.
  • The role of the immune microenvironment in PitNET oncogenesis and behavior is emerging.
  • Understanding immune cell roles can inform prognostic implications and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze immune-related gene expression in PitNETs.
  • To correlate gene expression with infiltrating immune cells across different PitNET lineages.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Whole transcriptome analysis and RT-qPCR on 42 PitNET samples.
  • Transcriptome deconvolution to infer immune cell types.
  • Immunofluorescence validation of immune cell infiltration.

Main Results:

  • Distinct immune gene expression profiles identified for each PitNET lineage.
  • Upregulation of IL4-I1, IL-36A, TIRAP, IL-17REL, and CCL5 in all PitNETs.
  • Specific genes (IL34, IL20RA, IL-2RB) characterize tumors derived from NR5A1, TBX19, and POU1F1.
  • Inference and validation of M2 macrophages, CD4+/CD8+ T cells, and NK cell infiltration.
  • CCL18, IL-5RA, HLA-B expression, and macrophage infiltration correlate with potential benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • PitNETs possess characteristic immune gene expression profiles linked to tumor lineage.
  • Specific immune cell types infiltrate PitNETs, with potential prognostic and predictive value.
  • Immune markers like CCL18, IL-5RA, HLA-B, and macrophage infiltration may identify patients suitable for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.