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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role is assigned, it becomes socially...

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Modern In Vitro Techniques for Modeling Hearing Loss.

Jamie J Shah1, Couger A Jimenez-Jaramillo1, Zane R Lybrand2

  • 1Department of Pathology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Otic organoids, lab-grown inner ear models, offer new ways to study sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and test treatments. These models better mimic human conditions than animal studies, paving the way for hearing restoration therapies.

Keywords:
cochlear hair cellsinner ear modelingoperational medicineotic organoidssensorineural hearing lossstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a widespread condition with few effective treatments, often caused by damage to hair cells and neurons.
  • Current therapies for SNHL provide only symptomatic relief, highlighting the urgent need for innovative solutions targeting the underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of in vitro otic organoids as a model system for studying SNHL and developing new therapeutic strategies.
  • To explore how otic organoids can advance research in inner ear development, disease modeling, and drug discovery for hearing restoration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to generate three-dimensional otic organoids that mimic human inner ear structure and function.
  • Employing advanced techniques like 3D bioprinting and microfluidics to enhance the complexity and accuracy of otic organoid models.
  • Conducting cellular and molecular characterization to identify key developmental pathways and markers within the organoids.

Main Results:

  • Otic organoids successfully replicate key aspects of human inner ear development and pathophysiology, offering a more relevant model than traditional animal studies.
  • These organoids show promise for high-throughput screening of gene therapies and drugs aimed at regenerating sensory cells and treating hearing loss.
  • Methodological advancements have improved the fidelity and complexity of otic organoids, making them valuable tools for translational research.

Conclusions:

  • Otic organoids represent a transformative platform for understanding and treating hearing and balance disorders, moving towards personalized medicine approaches.
  • Further development and standardization of otic organoid protocols are crucial for realizing their full potential in clinical applications for SNHL.