Targets in the Tumour Matrisome to Promote Cancer Therapy Response

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biochemistry
• Cancer Biology

Background:

• The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and macromolecules produced by various cells, including cancer cells.
• Tumor progression and metastasis involve dynamic changes in ECM composition and organization.
• A dense, fibrotic ECM in solid tumors is often linked to reduced drug delivery and impaired immune cell infiltration, potentially hindering therapy response.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review key matrisome components associated with advanced tumors and therapy resistance.
• To explore the potential of targeting matrisome components as a therapeutic strategy to enhance existing cancer treatments.
• To understand how distinct matrisome components influence tumor phenotypes and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature focusing on the matrisome in cancer.
• Analysis of studies investigating the functions of individual ECM components.
• Examination of therapeutic interventions targeting the matrisome.

Main Results:

• The matrisome exhibits complex roles, acting as both a tumor suppressor and promoter, and modulating immune responses.
• Targeting individual matrisome components has shown varied and sometimes complicated clinical translation.
• Matrix signatures can predict patient prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and response to immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the intricate mechanisms of the ECM is crucial for identifying novel therapeutic targets.
• Modifying the tumor microenvironment by targeting the matrisome holds promise for improving cancer therapy efficacy.
• Further research into the biochemical and biophysical properties of the ECM can unlock new strategies to combat tumor progression and resistance.