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Role of Ectopic Olfactory Receptors in the Regulation of the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Axis

Mitchell R Beito1, Sadia Ashraf1, Dorcas Odogwu1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 25, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Ectopic olfactory receptors (ORs), beyond smell, regulate cellular balance in organs like the heart and kidneys. Dysfunctional OR signaling impacts cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Olfactory receptors (ORs) are a large family of G protein-coupled receptors.
  • Traditionally, ORs were thought to function solely in olfaction within the nasal epithelium.
  • Emerging evidence reveals ORs in extranasal tissues, suggesting broader physiological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expression and function of ectopic ORs in non-olfactory tissues.
  • To explore the role of ectopic ORs in cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic organ systems.
  • To highlight the impact of altered ectopic OR signaling on overall health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on ectopic OR expression and function.
  • Analysis of studies investigating OR signaling pathways in cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic tissues.
  • Synthesis of data linking ectopic ORs to cellular homeostasis and disease.

Main Results:

  • Ectopic ORs are expressed in various extranasal tissues, including the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and metabolic organs.
  • These receptors play roles in regulating cellular homeostasis beyond olfaction.
  • Altered signaling of these ectopic ORs is implicated in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Ectopic ORs represent a significant, understudied area with critical physiological functions.
  • Targeting ectopic OR signaling may offer novel therapeutic strategies for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex roles of ORs in extranasal tissues.
Keywords:
G protein-coupled receptorcardiovascularheart diseasekidneymetabolismolfactory receptor

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