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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Updated: Jun 25, 2025

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Facial Skin Microbiome Composition and Functional Shift with Aging.

Allison Garlet1, Valerie Andre-Frei2, Nicolas Del Bene1

  • 1BASF Corporation, 540 White Plains Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA.

Microorganisms
|May 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging significantly alters the facial skin microbiome. Older adults exhibit increased diversity, with shifts in bacterial populations like decreased Cutibacterium acnes and increased Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii.

Keywords:
C. acnesC. kroppenstedtiiL. crispatusdiversitygene ontologyskin agingskin microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Dermatology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The aging process significantly impacts the human skin microbiome, but comprehensive understanding remains limited.
  • Skin microbiome composition and function are crucial for maintaining skin health and barrier integrity.
  • Age-related changes in the skin microbiome may influence skin aging and susceptibility to conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related alterations in the facial skin microbiome composition and function.
  • To compare the skin microbiota between younger (18-35 years) and older (≥55 years) female volunteers.
  • To identify specific bacterial taxa and functional gene pathways associated with skin aging.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing of facial skin swabs from 100 healthy Caucasian female volunteers.
  • Volunteers were categorized into two age groups (18-35 and ≥55 years) and by wrinkle grade.
  • Microbiome composition analyzed using taxonomic and non-metric multidimensional scaling; functional analysis via Gene Ontology (GO) terms.

Main Results:

  • The skin microbiome was significantly more diverse in the older age group (≥55 years).
  • Older adults showed decreased Actinobacteria (specifically Cutibacterium acnes) and increased Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii.
  • Younger adults (18-35 years) had higher proportions of Cutibacterium acnes and Lactobacillus (notably Lactobacillus crispatus), with enhanced gene expression in metabolic and protective pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Aging leads to distinct shifts in facial skin microbiome diversity and composition, with specific bacterial taxa changes.
  • Younger skin microbiomes are characterized by higher Cutibacterium acnes and Lactobacillus, and enhanced protective functions.
  • Understanding these age-related microbiome changes provides a foundation for exploring their role in skin aging and anti-aging strategies.