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José Javier Martín-Gómez1, José Luis Rodríguez-Lorenzo2, Ana Juan3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative analysis of seed tubercles in Caryophyllales reveals distinct echinate and rugose types. This research provides crucial data on tubercle morphology, aiding in plant taxonomy and understanding infraspecific variation in Silene species.

Keywords:
curvaturemammillaeseed protuberancessurface geometrytubercles

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Area of Science:

  • Botany
  • Plant Morphology
  • Taxonomy

Background:

  • Seeds of Caryophyllales species often feature surface protuberances known as tubercles.
  • Previous taxonomic use of tubercles lacked quantitative data, relying on descriptive adjectives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively analyze seed surface tubercles in Caryophyllales, focusing on width, height, and curvature.
  • To investigate infraspecific differences in tubercle size and shape within the genus Silene.

Main Methods:

  • Applied quantitative measurements (width, height, curvature) to seed tubercles of 31 species (12 in Silene subg. Behenantha, 19 in S. subg. Silene).
  • Classified tubercles into echinate and rugose categories based on quantitative data.
  • Examined tubercle variations across 31 populations of eight Silene species.

Main Results:

  • Echinate tubercles showed higher height/curvature and lower width, prevalent in S. subg. Behenantha.
  • Rugose tubercles were more abundant in S. subg. Silene.
  • Significant infraspecific differences in tubercle size and shape were found in most examined Silene species.
  • A novel umbonate/mammillate tubercle type with high curvature was identified in Silene nocturna.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative analysis provides objective criteria for tubercle classification, enhancing taxonomic studies.
  • Morphological variations in seed tubercles are significant both between and within Silene species.