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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Synthesis and Properties of Bio-Based Polycarbonates Containing Silicone Blocks.

Mengjuan Liu1, Hui Wang1, Wei Fang1

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.

Polymers
|May 25, 2024
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This study explores incorporating different silicones into bio-based polycarbonates. Polyether-modified silicone (PEMS) offers superior optical transparency and properties compared to other silicones.

Keywords:
compatibilityconversionisosorbidepolycarbonatesilicone

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Isosorbide-based polycarbonates offer a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastics.
  • Enhancing polycarbonate properties requires incorporating functional additives like silicones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various hydroxy-terminated silicones on polycarbonate-silicone copolymer properties.
  • To evaluate silicone compatibility, reactivity, and influence on thermal, optical, and mechanical characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Melt transesterification-polycondensation method for synthesizing copolymers.
  • Compatibility and transesterification experiments to assess silicone integration.
  • Characterization of glass transition temperature (Tg), optical transparency, water absorption, and mechanical strength.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol-hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane (a-PDMS) showed higher reactivity than phenol-hydroxyl polydimethylsiloxane (p-PDMS).
  • Polyether-modified silicone (PEMS) demonstrated superior compatibility and reactivity, achieving up to 86% conversion.
  • PEMS-based copolymers exhibited enhanced optical transparency (up to 73%), high Tg (>150 °C), flexibility, and hydrophobicity.

Conclusions:

  • PEMS is a promising silicone modifier for bio-based polycarbonates, significantly improving optical and mechanical properties.
  • The choice of silicone significantly influences the final properties of polycarbonate-silicone copolymers.
  • This research provides insights for developing advanced bio-based materials with tailored performance.