Relationship between mandibular third molars and mandibular angle and condylar fractures

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Dental Radiology
• Traumatology

Background:

• The position of the third molar (M3) is a critical factor in mandibular fractures.
• Understanding this correlation aids in oral clinical research and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the correlation between third molar (M3) position and mandibular angle and condyle fractures.
• To provide data references for oral clinical research.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective cross-sectional study of 409 mandibular fracture cases.
• Evaluation of panoramic radiographs and case records for mandibular angle (78 cases) and condylar fractures (106 cases).

Main Results:

• Significant correlations were found between M3 existence, eruption status, P&G position classification, deep impactions, and fracture types.
• Mandibular angle fractures showed a higher prevalence of multiple M3 roots (75.4%) and impacted M3s (80%) compared to condylar fractures.
• P&G Class II and Class B impactions were significantly associated with mandibular angle fractures.

Conclusions:

• Impacted mandibular third molars (M3) elevate the risk of mandibular angle fractures.
• Absence or normal eruption of M3 reduces fracture risk and protects against condylar process fractures.
• M3 position, particularly P&G Class II and Class B impactions, is a key factor in mandibular fracture etiology.