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Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
Published on: February 17, 2023
Is cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia more cost-effective? New-perspective on economic evaluations: a
Leqin Fang1,2, Zhihong Lyu1,2, Sizhi Ai3
1Department of Psychiatry, Sleep Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Study Objectives:
To investigate the cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI), with an additional focus on digital CBTI (dCBTI) in adults with insomnia.
Methods:
We searched eight electronic databases for economic evaluations of CBTI: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, psycINFO, Cochrane, Library, CINAHL, ProQuest, and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database. Meta-analyses were performed to investigate the effects and costs between CBTI and control groups (no treatment, other treatments included hygiene education and treatment as usual). Subgroup analyses for dCBTI were conducted.
Results:
Twelve randomized controlled trial studies between 2004 and 2023 were included in our systematic review and meta-analyses. The incremental cost-utility ratios and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios showed that the CBTI and dCBTI groups were more cost-effective than controls, from healthcare perspective and societal perspective, respectively. Compared to controls, CBTI demonstrated significantly better efficacy within 12 months. Healthcare costs were significantly higher in the CBTI groups compared to the controls within 6 months but there was no difference at 12 months. Additionally, dCBTI was associated with significantly lower presenteeism costs compared to controls at 6 months.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that CBTI is more cost-effective than other treatments or no treatment for adults with insomnia. It may bring more economic benefits in the long term, especially in long-lasting efficacy and cost reduction. In addition, dCBTI is one of the cost-effective options for insomnia.
Prospero Registration Number:
CRD42 022 383 440.
Url:
www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO.
Name For Prospero Registration:
Cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI): a systematic review with meta-analysis.
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